America's most popular pet now resides in 34 percent of U.S. households. In fact, there are approximately 90 million owned felines in this country, about 18 million more than dogs, and, on average, cat guardians have two cats.

That's a lot of fur balls!

For so long, cats have been thought of as independent creatures who prefer to be left to their own devices. But now that the feline has snuggled her way into the homes of so many American families, that stigma is starting to fade. While it's fair to say that cats are relatively low-maintenance pets compared to dogs, they still do require love and attention (even playtime) from their human companions if they are to thrive. Here are some cat care basics recommended by the Marin Humane Society that will help keep your kitty happy and healthy.

There's no place like home for your cat

While an outdoor cat lives only three years on average, an indoor-only cat enjoys a much higher life expectancy of 15 to 18 years. Free-roaming felines are exposed to numerous life-threatening dangers like cars, poisons, animal attacks and even human abuse. Outdoor cats also are at risk for fleas, ticks and disease. Feline leukemia, feline distemper and feline immunodeficiency virus can be transmitted from cat to cat and, once contracted, compromise the immune system. Also, because of their hunting instinct, free-roaming cats threaten millions of wild animals each year, especially birds.

Playtime and grooming

Create a stimulating indoor environment and your kitty won't even miss the outdoors:

- Set regularly scheduled playtimes with your cat. Playing is not only great exercise, but it allows cats to hone their hunting skills and release energy. Interactive play also strengthens the bond between you and your pet.

- Make sure there are toys around to keep your kitty occupied. Toys do not need to be expensive: An open paper bag can provide your cat with hours of fun.

- Install a perch or cat tree near a sunny window for rest and relaxation.

- Consider a feline companion for your single resident cat. Compatible cats will keep one another company and also keep them active.

- Think vertical. A scratching post will allow your cat to scratch and climb.

Grooming is also important. Regular brushing will keep your cat's coat looking soft and shiny, and prevent mats and hairballs. Nails should be trimmed every few weeks. When cutting, don't get too close to the pink part of the nail (the quick), which is sensitive with blood vessels and nerve endings. Cats do not always cooperate nicely during manicures, so you may want to ask your vet or groomer for a demonstration.

Regular vet visits

All cats should be examined at least once a year by their veterinarian (twice a year for cats older than six years) to look for any signs of illness or other abnormalities. This includes an examination of the teeth, coat and skin, checking the heart, lungs and lymph nodes, and feeling the abdomen for any signs of organ enlargement or internal tumors. Says MHS veterinarian Belinda Evans, "As with humans, early detection is important. Since cats can't tell us something is wrong, an annual or biannual exam will help keep your cat from suffering needlessly and decrease the chances of a life-threatening problem -and the medical expenses that come with it."

Carrie Harrington is the public information associate at the Marin Humane Society.

Tails of Marin appears every Saturday in the Home & Garden section of the Marin Independent Journal